V kv\u011btnu se op\u011bt dostaly do centra pozornosti zes\u00edlen\u00e9 kontroly u\u017eitkov\u00fdch vozidel po cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b. V r\u00e1mci pravideln\u00e9 akce \u201eTruck & Bus Operation\u201c \u2013 koordinovan\u00e9 iniciativy Evropsk\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b dopravn\u00edch polici\u00ed (ROADPOL) \u2013 se n\u00e1kladn\u00ed vozidla ocitla v hled\u00e1\u010dku u\u017e podruh\u00e9 v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce. Ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b se konaj\u00ed t\u0159i takov\u00e9 kontroln\u00ed t\u00fddny a mezi nej\u010dast\u011bji zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159estupky v n\u00e1kladn\u00ed doprav\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy pat\u0159\u00ed zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace s tachografy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Navzdory st\u00e1le pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edm technologi\u00edm a efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm kontroln\u00edm metod\u00e1m z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 manipulace s tachografy jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f v silni\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1kladn\u00ed doprav\u011b v Evrop\u011b. P\u0159\u00edpady odhalen\u00e9 inspektory po cel\u00e9m kontinentu ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee ani inteligentn\u00ed tachografy druh\u00e9 generace nejsou zcela odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di podvod\u016fm: \u201efal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c jen nab\u00fdv\u00e1 nov\u00fdch forem. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee soub\u011b\u017en\u011b s v\u00fdvojem nov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed vznikaj\u00ed i nov\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby, jak obch\u00e1zet p\u0159edpisy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b se neust\u00e1le zlep\u0161uj\u00ed jak dozorov\u00e9 org\u00e1ny, tak i podvodn\u00edci. C\u00edl je v\u0161ak jasn\u00fd: pot\u00edrat nekal\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed praktiky, kter\u00e9 z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 riziko pro bezpe\u010dnost silni\u010dn\u00edho provozu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J\u00edzda s magnetem je bohu\u017eel fenom\u00e9n, kter\u00fd se v kontroln\u00edch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch objevuje u\u017e dlouhodob\u011b. Podvodn\u00edci pou\u017e\u00edvali r\u016fzn\u00e9 triky: umis\u0165ovali magnety do r\u00e1mu autor\u00e1dia, do bl\u00edzkosti p\u0159evodovky apod., v\u017edy s c\u00edlem p\u0159edst\u00edrat p\u0159est\u00e1vku \u0159idi\u010de, zat\u00edmco vozidlo je ve skute\u010dnosti v pohybu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To byl v\u0161ak teprve za\u010d\u00e1tek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Policist\u00e9 specializovan\u00ed na tuto oblast se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee techniky manipulace s tachografy se za posledn\u00edch patn\u00e1ct let v\u00fdrazn\u011b vyvinuly. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku byly nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed formy zneu\u017eit\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017eit\u00ed magnet\u016f), postupn\u011b se v\u0161ak objevily slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metody, v\u010detn\u011b z\u00e1sah\u016f do samotn\u00e9ho hardwaru \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad instalace dodate\u010dn\u00fdch impulzn\u00edch sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f nebo manipulace se st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edmi senzory. Sou\u010dasn\u011b se rozv\u00edjely i softwarov\u00e9 manipulace, kter\u00e9 se aktivovaly prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm USB za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo PIN k\u00f3d\u016f. P\u0159esto\u017ee byl inteligentn\u00ed tachograf zaveden v \u010dervnu 2019, nen\u00ed v\u016f\u010di zneu\u017eit\u00ed imunn\u00ed, proto\u017ee byly zaznamen\u00e1ny i p\u0159\u00edpady hardwarov\u00fdch manipulac\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Krom\u011b toho jsou st\u00e1le velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 i \u201ejednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed\u201c p\u0159estupky, jako je j\u00edzda bez karty \u0159idi\u010de nebo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed karty jin\u00e9 osoby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Odborn\u00edci se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee chytr\u00e9 tachografy druh\u00e9 generace, kter\u00e9 jsou nyn\u00ed povinn\u00e9 v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed kamionov\u00e9 doprav\u011b v EU (a brzy tak\u00e9 v dod\u00e1vkov\u00e9 doprav\u011b), p\u0159inesly oproti p\u0159edchoz\u00edm model\u016fm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 zabezpe\u010den\u00ed \u2014 i kdy\u017e podvodn\u00edci jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b st\u00e1le \u201echyt\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed\u201c. Jedn\u00edm z v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch dopad\u016f bal\u00ed\u010dku mobility v t\u00e9to oblasti je povinn\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna chytr\u00fdch tachograf\u016f prvn\u00ed generace za za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed druh\u00e9 generace. D\u00edky tomu z vozidel postupn\u011b zmizela \u010d\u00e1st zmanipulovan\u00fdch tachograf\u016f a podle odborn\u00edk\u016f se jejich po\u010det v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eDopravce v Chorvatsku dostal za manipulaci pokutu 3 000 eur, \u0159idi\u010d 900 eur\u201c, \u201eZa fal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f z tachografu hroz\u00ed pokuta a\u017e 5 000 liber\u201c, \u201eZa dr\u017een\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k manipulaci s tachografem hroz\u00ed v\u011bzen\u00ed\u201c, \u201eP\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kontroly a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed sankce ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku\u201c \u2014 podobn\u00e9 titulky se v m\u00e9di\u00edch objevuj\u00ed st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Evropa bojuje proti manipulaci s tachografy st\u00e1le organizovan\u011bji a technologicky vysp\u011bleji \u2014 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm koordinovan\u00fdch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch kontrol, p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sankc\u00ed a digit\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159esto\u017ee se jednotliv\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy v r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00edch p\u0159irozen\u011b li\u0161\u00ed, manipulace s tachografy je st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji posuzov\u00e1na jako organizovan\u00fd delikt nebo dokonce trestn\u00fd \u010din. Pozornost se tak p\u0159esouv\u00e1 od jednotliv\u00fdch \u0159idi\u010d\u016f k \u0161ir\u0161\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu \u2014 tedy i k dopravn\u00edm spole\u010dnostem, dodavatel\u016fm podvodn\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edm zapojen\u00fdm subjekt\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku vzbudil pozornost p\u0159\u00edpad p\u0159ed belgick\u00fdm soudem, kde byli dva Pol\u00e1ci odsouzeni k trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody. O n\u011bkolik let d\u0159\u00edve byli p\u0159isti\u017eeni p\u0159i prodeji za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ur\u010den\u00fdch k podvod\u016fm s tachografy, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1sledn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvalo v\u00edce dopravn\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Soud dosp\u011bl k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee jednali koordinovan\u011b a pom\u00e1hali firm\u00e1m p\u00e1chat podvody s tachografy prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm USB za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a softwaru, stejn\u011b jako dod\u00e1vkami ji\u017e upraven\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokud jde o nov\u00e9 technologie, za v\u00fdznamn\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos je pova\u017eov\u00e1no d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 ode\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed tachograf\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b usnadnilo identifikaci rizikov\u00fdch vozidel a jejich v\u00fdb\u011br k podrobn\u00fdm \u201emanu\u00e1ln\u00edm\u201c kontrol\u00e1m. P\u0159esto\u017ee jde pouze o n\u00e1stroj p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho v\u00fdb\u011bru, tato metoda m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd preventivn\u00ed efekt: \u010d\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je pravd\u011bpodobnost odhalen\u00ed podvodu, t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b lid\u00ed je ochotno se do n\u011bj zapojit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm krokem p\u0159i odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed a postihov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto poru\u0161en\u00ed je spole\u010dn\u00e1 \u010dinnost kontroln\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f z r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nap\u0159\u00edklad Evropsk\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 dopravn\u00ed policie ROADPOL pravideln\u011b organizuje specializovan\u00e1 \u0161kolen\u00ed, b\u011bhem nich\u017e si policist\u00e9 a dopravn\u00ed inspekto\u0159i vym\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed zku\u0161enosti a u\u010d\u00ed se od p\u0159edn\u00edch odborn\u00edk\u016f (tzv. masterclasses). Tato \u0161kolen\u00ed obvykle kombinuj\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky, uk\u00e1zky i praktick\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e si \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci zlep\u0161uj\u00ed schopnost odhalovat manipulace a z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016fm tachograf\u016f. Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed masterclasses ROADPOL byly zam\u011b\u0159eny pr\u00e1v\u011b na odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed podvod\u016f spojen\u00fdch s chytr\u00fdmi tachografy druh\u00e9 generace \u2014 aby kontrolo\u0159i z\u016fstali v\u017edy o krok p\u0159ed podvodn\u00edky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159esto\u017ee silni\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1kladn\u00ed doprava \u010del\u00ed tlaku z mnoha stran a dnes nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 z\u016fstat konkurenceschopn\u00fd, manipulace a zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed tachograf\u016f nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt zp\u016fsobem konkuren\u010dn\u00edho boje na trhu. Fal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f o dob\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a odpo\u010dinku je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pro v\u0161echny \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky silni\u010dn\u00edho provozu: nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u00fasporu \u010dasu, ale v\u00e1\u017en\u011b ohro\u017euje bezpe\u010dnost na silnic\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Od magnet\u016f a\u017e po software \u2013 v posledn\u00edch letech se metody podvod\u016f bohu\u017eel v\u00fdrazn\u011b vyvinuly. Na druhou stranu jsou st\u00e1le obl\u00edben\u00e9 i ty \u201enejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed\u201c zp\u016fsoby, jako je j\u00edzda s kartou jin\u00e9 osoby.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":154399094,"featured_media":19176,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1589,1417,1588,1586,1587,1585,1591,1590,1593,1592],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19175","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bg_only","category-blogs","category-cz_only","category-de_only","category-es_only","category-pl_only","category-ro_only","category-rs_only","category-si_only","category-sk_only"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19175","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/154399094"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19175"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19175\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19178,"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19175\/revisions\/19178"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19176"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invoitix.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}